Worth more than hee oweth

Worth more than hee oweth

Editorial history

07/06/13: CSG created page

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- HCA 13/71 f.XXXX Case: XXXX; Deposition: XXXX; Date: XXXX. Transcribed by XXXX^[1]

Case summary

Interim synthesis

(1) This case offers insights into a range of London shore side and river occupations, with a significant number of cole-meters, lightermen and watermen, and mariners.

- Cole-meters: William Roalfe, age 63, citizen and whitebaker, who "liveth by his profession of a Cole-Meater, liveing in the parishe of Saint Dunstan in the East; James Salmon, age 36, Woodmonger and Cole-meter; Thomas Thorneyworke, age 45, cittizen and corn chandler, who "hath lived by the space of theise 17 yeares as a Colemeter", of the parishe of Saint Mary Hill London

- Lightermen: John Hearne, age 44, of the parish of Saint Buttolphe Aboat Allgate; William Moore, age 66, lighterman, of the parishe of Saint Catherine neere the Tower of London; Richard Prior, age 30, lighterman, of Wapping in the parish of Stepney; Edward Walker, age 41, Water man, of the parishe of saint Catherine neere the Tower of London

- Mariners: Thomas Hull, marriner, age 34, of Eastsmithfield in the parishe of Allgate; Richard Addams, age 22, Marriner, of Upper Shadwell in the parishe of Stepney and County of Middlesex; Jeremie Miller, age 30, marriner, of the parish of Saint Buttolphe in the Allgate, London; William Sewell/Seywell, age 36, marriner, of Limehouse in the parishe of Stepney; William Varvell/varvill, age 46, marriner, of Wapping in the parishe of Stepney and County of Middlesex

- Casual shore labour: William ffalkoner, aged 52, of the parishe of saint Catherine neere the Tower of London "getteth his liveing by unladeing of shipps which deliver theire ladeing in the River of Thames"

(2) It also reveals the social role of inns and victualling houses amongst mariners and river and shore occupations near the river, with many of the depositions in the case referring to statements overheard or engaged in in various such places, or directly from victuallers

Victuallers

-- Thomas Harrison, age 32, Victualler, of the parishe of Saint Mary Matsellon alias Whitechappell: Deponent knows Henry Bennett; "hee this deponent being drinkeing a cupp of wyne which the said Bennet att the halfe moone Taverne in Saint Ca?thernes Court neere the Tower of London upon the 14th day of February last past did heare him say and declare that hee the said Bennet did in the moneth of June last past or thereabouts goe out from this Port of London as Comander of and in the ship called the Harry upon a man of warre=voyage and designe And that during the said voyage hee had taken many prizes but whither the ship and Corne now in question was one of the said prizes soe taken by him hee saith the said Bennet the said hee knewe not"

Victualling houses

-- Unnamed victualling house on Copperwicke, Norway: "The ship the Ark of Noah took in her ladeing of horses at a place called Copperwicke in Norway; the deponent and his precontest James Salmon were at Copperwicke "and were told by a Scotsman who kept a victualling house there that the ship the Arke of Noah was bound with her horses abord her for Scotland where the same were to bee delivered to the Scotts King or for his XXX either at dundee or Abderdeene" (James Browne)

-- The fflushing in the parish of Saint Catherine neere the Tower of London: ("the howse of one Taylor in the parishe of Saint Catherine neere the Tower of London which is a Victualling house and knowne by the signe of the Flushing did happen to bee in the same Roome where the arlate Michaell Groenenburgh was drincking a cup of Beere and discoursing with the arlate John Roane (whom this deponent well knoweth) touching the ship the Moses arlate and her ladeing; hee this deponent did then and there heare the said Michaell Groenenburgh very much endeavour to seduce and perswade him the said Roane to come and sweare as a wittnesse in this cause on the behalfe of the Owners of the said ship the Moses and her ladeing That the said ship was and had bin first taken by the ship the Harry arlate by her Company the Moses Company were and had bin turned out into Fisher boates which if hee would soe sweare the said Groenenburgh did in this deponents presence and heareing promise the said Roane to give unto him the summe of forty dollers, to which said proffer and perswasion the said Roane in this deponents heareing replyed that hee for his part would not sweare as the said Groenenburgh had then desired him for a hundred pownds. for that (as hee then said) hee should thereby doe much iniurye to such Seamen and marriners and the wives and children of such as by sufficient power and Comission had seized the said ship and her ladeing or hee saith the said Roane made answeare to the same effect. And further hee cannot depose" (William Falkoner/Falconer)

BACKGROUND

"(June 8th, 1699) I am credibly informed they had appointed when they came to England to rendezvous or meet at the Flushing Pinck, which I take to be a little below St. Katherine's not far from the Tower. Signed, N. Blakiston."^[2]

"Flushing - Court, St. Catherine's Street, — about 2/3 of a mile on the L. below Tower-hill, a few doors W. from Hermitage-bridge and nearly op. Hawley's wharf."^[3]

Taverns

Image is possibly a match for the Halfe Moone Taverne in Saint Cathernes Court neere the Tower of London

Original Title: I. Hutton and G. Jerard issued this trade token, worth a farthing, for their businesses in East Smithfield, Middlesex. Boyne & Williamson (1889) reference London number 929; Obv inscription: I.HVTTON.G.IERARD (around field, in Roman capitals) Device = A half moon and a stick of candles (in field); Rev inscription: IN.EASTSMITHFIELD (around field, in Roman capitals) Device = A wheatsheaf (in field). Jerard seems to have been a baker, Hutton a chandler, working out of a premises at the sign of a half-moon, see J. H. Burn, A Descriptive Catalogue of the London Traders, Tavern, and Coffee-house Tokens current in the Seventeenth Century, presented to the Corporation Library by Henry Benjamin Hanbury Beaufoy, 2nd ed. (London, 1855), no. ....See also token number 8189 in the Sylloge of Coins of the British Isles, 62, The Norweb Collection: Tokens of the British Isles 1575-1750, Part VIII - Middlesex and Uncertain Pieces. East Smithfield, lies in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, having formerly been part of, Stepney, Middlesex.; Production Date: mid 17th; ID no:96.66/431century; 1648-1673; URL: http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/Collections-Research/Collections-online/object.aspx?objectID=object-292274&start=96&rows=1, viewed 09/06/13

-- The halfe moone Taverne in Saint Cathernes Court neere the Tower of London: "hee this deponent being drinkeing a cupp of wyne which the said Bennet att the halfe moone Taverne in Saint Ca?thernes Court neere the Tower of London upon the 14th day of February last past did heare him say and declare that hee the said Bennet did in the moneth of June last past or thereabouts goe out from this Port of London as Comander of and in the ship called the Harry upon a man of warre=voyage and designe And that during the said voyage hee had taken many prizes but whither the ship and Corne now in question was one of the said prizes soe taken by him hee saith the said Bennet the said hee knewe not"

BACKGROUND

"St. Catherine's Court, St. Catherine's Street, Tower-hill, - the first turning on the L. and then again on the R. in that from Tower-hill"^[4]

-- The Blacksmiths Armes, upon Wapping Wall: "In or about the Moneth of June last past hee this deponent being in the streete att Wapping Wall by accident mett with the said James Browne who then and there told this deponent that hee was now goeing out upon a desperate designe upon the tearmes and conditions of Noe Purchase Noe pay and then asked this deponent whether they should drinke together before his departure, to which this deponent condescended and soe went into the Blacksmiths Armes upon Wapping Wall together with the said Browne, And saith that about 3 weekes or a month since this deponent together with his contest John Hearne being att one Bells howse in Water lane in Tower streete London and heareing that the said James Browne and the arlate James Salmon were returned from a voyage which they had lately made to Sea in a man of warre sent for the said James Browne to come and drincke a cup of beere with them..."

(3) The many depositions yield a detailed geography of the north Thames shoreline just to the west of London Bridge through to Wapping Wall

Places named at street, as opposed to parish level, include:

^[5]

Original title: 'Trade Token' ("This trade token, worth a farthing, was issued for the Mermaid tavern in Billingsgate, Billingsgate Ward, City of London."; Production Date: mid 17th century; 1648-1673; 1650; ID no:11138

The Mairmaide at Billingsgate: The deponent William Ward, age 40, a silkeweaver and citizen of London, resident in the parish of Saint Dunstan in the East, deposed "upon or about the 8th or 9th of July last past as hee remembreth the precise day and about that very day XXXXXXX this deponent in London mett with the said James Salmon and James Browne and drancketh with them at the signe of the Mairmaide at Billingsgate when and where they hath told this deponent that they were goeing out in the said ship the ffortune and they afterwards did accordingly as this deponent by severall others since that heard it allsoe credibly and commonly reported and spoken"

Background:
"BILLINGSGATE
168. O. THE. MAIRMAID. TAVERN = A mermaid 1/4
R. AT. BILLIN. gate. 1650 = V. I. H."^[6]

Bugley Hole (in the River Thames): The deponent William Ward, age 40, a silkeweaver and citizen of London, resident in the parish of Saint Dunstan in the East, deposed "hee this deponent by accident comeing from Woolwich did in Bugley hole see the said ship the Harry weigh Anchor and was under saile and demanding of her company abord whether they were bound was answered that they were bound out to Sea and this hee saith was upon or about the 8th or 9th of July last past as hee remembreth the precise day and about that very day XXXXXXX this deponent in London mett with the said James Salmon and James Browne and drancketh with them at the signe of the Mairmaide at Billingsgate when and where they hath told this deponent that they were goeing out in the said ship the ffortune and they afterwards did accordingly as this deponent by severall others since that heard it allsoe credibly and commonly reported and spoken"

Eastsmithfeild in the parishe of Allgate

Original title: This trade token, worth a farthing, was issued for a business at the sign of the Greyhound, in Tower Street (now Great Tower Street), Tower Ward, City of London.Boyne & Williamson (1889) reference London number 3203; Obv inscription: AT.THE.GREHOVND (around field, in Roman capitals) Device = A greyhound (in field); Rev inscription: IN.TOVR.STREETE (around field, in Roman capitals) Device = G.D.A. (triad of initials in Roman capitals, in field); Production Date: mid 17th century; 1648-1673; ID no:96.66/1208

The Greyhound in Tower Streete London

The halfe moone Taverne in Saint Ca?thernes Court neere the Tower of London:

The Hermitage in Wapping: The deponent Isabell Robinson, a 32 year old widdow, stated "shee liveth at the sign of the three Castles neere the Hermitage4 in Wapping where shee getteth her subsistance by Pickeing Ocum for the use of Shipping and that shee is a house keeper with her said Mother and whilest her husband was liveing did pay Scot and lot according as hee was rated."

Ironmonger Lane, parish of Saint Martin Pomray (Pomeroy), London: The deponent John Southwood, age 60, Merchant, gave his residence as "of Ironmonger Lane in the parishe of Saint Martin Pomray London"

Lymehouse in the parishe of Stepney

Richard Bells howse and now Richard Jones his howse in Water Lane in Tower Streete, London: The deponent John Hearne and Richard Prior "being at the howse hereuntofore comonly called Richard Bells howse and now Richard Jones his howse in Water Lane in Tower Streete London and heareing that the said Browne was returned from the said voyage did send for the said Browne (who liveth within two or three doores of that place) to come and drincke a cup of beere with them.."

Six Starrs Neere the Hermitage in Wapping: The deponent William Varvell, a 46 year old mariner of Wapping, stated that he went with the skipper of the Moses, Michael Groenenbergh and another into "the house of one Williams dwelling at the signe of the Six Starrs Neere the Hermitage in Wapping where they were noe sooner come and sate downe together but the said Skipper demanded of this deponent Whether hee had not bin Examined in this Court touching the said Shippe or Corne=Vessell on the behalfe of the takers thereof to which this deponent answered that hee had, Then hee saith the said Skipper did bz all meanes and perswasions endeavour to procure this deponent to unsweare and deny what hee had formerly sworne in this matter and importuned and very much urged him to retract his said deposition and to sweare that the Company belonging to the said ship the Harry were the first which surprized and tooke the said ship the Moses and her ladeing and turned the Company over bord into ffisher boats or to the very same effect. Which if hee would soe doe then hee the said Skipper did faithfully promise to give the Deponent the Somme of Forty dollers and in earnest thereof hee saith the said Skipper did forthwith plucke fower or five dollers out of his pocket and layed them upon the table willing this deponent to accept of that parte and then againe assureing him that hee the said Skipper would certainly make good the said Number of fortye dollers unto him. Howbeit this deponent then told the said Skipper that hee had ?once sworne truth in this cause allready and that hee would not now retract that or sweare an untruth for all the world fore that his soules wellfare would bee much questioned and XXXX by soe doeing"

Stone Stayres neere the Custome House Key:

Tower streete within the parish of Saint Dunstan in the East, London: The deponent Richard Bladwell, age 21, merchant had known James Salmon, woodmonger, who worked as a cole-meter, for four years, and during all that time he has lived in "Tower streete within the parishe of Saint Dunstan in the East London where hee keepes a wife and familye, and liveth in very good esteeme and creditt amongst his neigbours and is a person of soe much credite that this deponent hath knowne his word taken for the some of 500 li sterling and upwards."

Original title: 'Old Wapping Stairs at the Thames, Wapping, Tower Hamlets, London'
Credit: Photographer: Fin Fahey. 6 January 2006
License: Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 Generic license
URL: XXX, viewed 09/06/13

Old and New Wapping Stayres: The deponent William Moore, a 66 year old Lighterman, knows the Harry and James Salmon and James Browne: "this deponent being a Lighterman by profession and plying to and fro in the River of Thames whilest the said ship the Harry lay there betwixt old and New Wapping Stayres ymediately before her departure upon the said voyage did see both the said Salmon and Browne very often abord her and sawe them carry and demeane themselves as persons in the respective imployments predeposed"

Upper Shadwell

Wapping in the parish of Stepney

Wapping Wall: The deponent Richard Prior, a 30 year old Lighterman of Wapping, stated that "In or about the Moneth of June last past hee this deponent being in the streete att Wapping Wall by accident mett with the said James Browne who then and there told this deponent that hee was now goeing out upon a desperate designe upon the tearmes and conditions of Noe Purchase Noe pay and then asked this deponent whether they should drinke together before his departure, to which this deponent condescended and soe went into the Blacksmiths Armes upon Wapping Wall together with the said Browne, And saith that about 3 weekes or a month since this deponent together with his contest John Hearne being att one Bells howse in Water lane in Tower streete London and heareing that the said James Browne and the arlate James Salmon were returned from a voyage which they had lately made to Sea in a man of warre sent for the said James Browne to come and drincke a cup of beere with them..."

Water=Lane, near the Customs house, London: The deponent Richard Bladwell, age 21, merchant, "dureing the tyme of his knowledge of the said James Browne which hee saith hath bin by the space of theise twelve moneths and upwards hee the said Browne hath bin and is an Inhabitant and dweller and a howse=keeper in Water=Lane (as hee remembreth the name of the said place) neere the Customs house London where hee liveth in very good fame and repute amongst his neighbours."

BACKGROUND:

"Water Lane, a very great Thorough-fare, occasioned by the Custom House, as being the ready Passage to it, and is for the generality taken up by Publick Houses: This Lane is so called as running down to the Water-Gate by the Custom-House; but formerly it was called Sporiar Lane. In this Lane is Orance Court, having but two Houses; the rest taken up in Warehouses. And here is Trinity House, a good handsome large Building, in which House is also kept the Ballast Office."^[7]

Parishes named

Parishe of Allgate
Parishe of Allhallowes Barking neere the Tower of London
Parish of Saint Buttolph Billingsgate London
Parishe of Saint Catherine neere the Tower of London
Parishe of Saint Dunstan in the East London
Parishe of Saint Martin Pomray London
Parishe of Saint Mary Hill London
Parishe of Saint Mary Matsellon alias Whitechappell
Parishe of Saint Nicholas XXX old fishe streete London
Parishe of Stepney

Questions raised

Why was it disputed whether James Salmon and James Browne had been on board the Harry when it seized the Moses?

Teaching points

Depositions

Deposition dates

September 1651

September 4th: Andrew Hayer, age 33, Merchant, of ?Lundren within the Dukedom of Holsteyn
- Case: Thomas Awre and Company against the ship the Auke of Neap Whereof Berkey Jacobs is Master

September 29th: Thomas Hull, age 34, Marriner, of Eastsmithfeild in the parishe of Allgate
Date: September 29th, 1651

September 29th: Jeremie Miller, age 30, Marriner, of the parishe of Saint Buttolphs in the Allgate London

September 29th: Thomas Varvill, age 46, Marriner, of Wapping in the parishe of Stepney and County of Middlesex

October 1651

October 6th: John Southwood Junior, age 28, Merchant, of the parishe of Saint Dunstan in the East London
- Case: On the behalfe of John Southwood Merchant touching the losse of his goods in the ship the Anne, taken by the French

October 10th: John Southwood, age 60, Merchant, of Ironmonger Lane in the parishe of Saint Martin Pomray London
- Case: Touching the losse of goods by JXX Southwood in the ship the Anne aforesaid

October 16th: James Browne, age 30, Cordwinder, of the parishe of Allhallowes Barking neere the Tower of London
- Case: On behalfe of Captaine William Thomas XXX Dennis and Mary Shottom touching their Proprietie in the ship the Mary of London whereof Thomas Severene was master

October 16th: James Salmon, age 36, Woodmonger, Cittizen of London, Of the parishe of Saint Dunstan in the East
- Case: On behalfe of Captaine William Thomas XXX Dennis and Mary ShottoX touching their Proprietie in the ship the Mary of London whereof Thomas Severene was master

November 1651

November 1st: Richard Addams, Marriner, age 22, of Upper Shadwell in the parish of Stepney and County of Middlesex

November 1st: James Sands, age 27, Citizen and Lether sellar of London, of the parish of Saint Buttolph Billingsgate London

November 1st: William Sewell, age 36, Marriner, of Lymehouse in the parishe of Stepney

November 15th: James Browne, age 36, Marriner, of the parishe of Allhallows Barking London

November 19th: James Salmon, age 36, Woodmonger, of the parish of Saint Dunstans in the East London
Date: November 19th, 1651

March 1651/52

March 22nd: John Hearne, age 44, Lighterman, of the parishe of Saint Buttolphe Aboat Allgate

March 22nd: Richard Prior, age 30, Lighterman, of Wapping in the parish of Stepney

April 1652

April 27th: Richard Bladwell, age 21, Merchant, of the parishe of Saint Nicholas XXX old fishe streete London

April 27th: William Moore, age 66, Lighterman, Of the parishe of Saint Catherine neere the Tower of London

April 27th: William Ward, age 40, Silkeweaver and Cittizen of London

April 28th: William Roalfe, age 63, Cittizen and Whitebaker of London, liveing in the parishe of Saint Dunstan in the East

April 28th: Edward Walker, age 41, Water Man, of the parishe of Saint Catherine neere the Tower of London

April 29th: Thomas Harrison, age 32, Victualler, of the parishe of Saint Mary Matsellon alias Whitechappell

April 29th: Hance Johnson ?Jcksted, age 23, Marriner, of Stettin in Pomerania within the kingdome of Sweden

May 1652

May 1st: James Sands, age 27, Citizen and Lether sellar of London, of the parish of Saint Buttolph Billingsgate London

May 5th: Thomas Thorneyworke, age 45, Cittizen and Corn Chandler of London, of the parishe of Saint Mary Hill London

May 8th: William ffalkoner, aged 52, of the parishe of Saint Catherine neere the Tower of London

May 8th: Isabell Robinson, age 32, widdowe, of Wapping in the parishe of Stepney

Richard Addams

Deposition: Richard Addams, age 22, Marriner, of Upper Shadwell in the parishe of Stepney and County of Middlesex
Date: November 1st, 1651
Case: Thomas Aw?cas and Company against a ship of an unknowne Name laden with Corne and taken by the said Aw?cas in the ship the Harvey whereof he was Captaine

Richard Bladwell

Deposition: Richard Bladwell, age 21, Merchant, of the parishe of Saint Nicholas XXX old fishe streete London
Date: April 27th, 1652
Case: Thomas Awres and Company against a ship of an Unknowne Name laden with Corne and other goods and against Sophia Ernest

Deponent has known James Salmon for four years, and during all that time he has lived in "Tower streete within the parishe of Saint Dunstan in the East London where hee keepes a wife and familye, and liveth in very good esteeme and creditt amongst his neigbours and is a person of soe much credite that this deponent hath knowne his word taken for the some of 500 li sterling and upwards. And dureing the tyme of his knowledge of the said James Browne which hee saith hath bin by the space of theise twelve moneths and upwards hee the said Browne hath bin and is an Inhabitant and dweller and a howse=keeper in Water=Lane (as hee remembreth the name of the said place) neere the Customs house London where hee liveth in very good fame and repute amongst his neighbours And both the said parties hee saith were and are such persons as hee verily beleiveth and in conscience is perswaded will not sweare or depose any thing but the truth And for such the said parties are comonly accompted and reputed. And further saith that neither of the said parties predeposed of this deponents knowledge were hired or did goe out in the ship the harry when shee went out from this Port upon the voyage and designe in which she tooke the ship now in question, but both of them as hee saith went from London to Nor=Bergen in the shipp the ffortune whereof Jacob Hausa was and is master upon a tradeing imployment and meerely as passengers therein. The premisses hee deposeth because hee this deponent about 6 or 7 dayes after the departure of the said ship the harry from Gravesend mett and spoke with both the said parties heere in London and by them was then told that they were bound for Nor=Berghen in the ship the ffortune and after such theire arrivall in the said ship at Nor=Berghen this deponent receaved a letter which gave him advice from a freind at berghen that both the said parties were arrived at that place in nd with the said ship the ffortune..."

Deponent has lived with Mr Southwood for three and a halfe years of the last four, and he believes that Southwood is a part-owner of the Harry; but can't decalre what dividend Southwood might receive if the ship in question is condemned

"hee this deponent whilest hee lived with the said Mr Southwood did often come to Doctors Commons about a suite Depending betwixt him and some ?Slanders but never came about this matter now in question but when hee came to bee produced and sworne and now that hee comes to bee Examined as itnesse herein"

James Browne

Deposition: James Browne, age 30, Cordwinder, of the parishe of Allhallowes Barking neere the Tower of London
Date: October 16th, 1651
Case: Thomas Awres and Company against the ship the Arke of Noah aforesaid

The ship the Ark of Noah took in her ladeing of horses at a place called Copperwicke in Norway; the deponent and his precontest James Salmon were at Copperwicke "and were told by a Scotsman who kept a victualling house there that the ship the Arke of Noah was bound with her horses abord her for Scotland where the same were to bee delivered to the Scotts King or for his XXX either at dundee or Abderdeene"

Deposition: James Browne, age 36, Marriner, of the parishe of Allhallows Barking London
Date: November 15th, 1651
Case: Thomas Awres and Company against the ship of an unknowne name and ladeing of corne abord her aforesaid

Copperwicke/Copper Wicke, Norway

PROB 11/263/406 Will of Seburne Anderson of Copper Wicke, Norway 23 April 1657

"COPPERWICK or SOEN WATER, sometimes called DRAM, in the N.W. branch of Christiana Sound, Norway"^[8]

William Falkoner/Falconer

Deposition: William ffalkoner, aged 52, of the parishe of saint Catherine neere the Tower of London
Date: May 8th, 1652
Case: Awres and Company against the ship of an unknowne name and against Sophia Ernst

"Hee this deponent about seaven weekes since being in the howse of one Taylor in the parishe of Saint Catherine neere the Tower of London which is a Victualling house and knowne by the signe of the Flushing did happen to bee in the same Roome where the arlate Michaell Groenenburgh was drincking a cup of Beere and discoursing with the arlate John Roane (whom this deponent well knoweth) touching the ship the Moses arlate and her ladeing; hee this deponent did then and there heare the said Michaell Groenenburgh very much endeavour to seduce and perswade him the said Roane to come and sweare as a wittnesse in this cause on the behalfe of the Owners of the said ship the Moses and her ladeing That the said ship was and had bin first taken by the ship the Harry arlate by her Company the Moses Company were and had bin turned out into Fisher boates which if hee would soe sweare the said Groenenburgh did in this deponents presence and heareing promise the said Roane to give unto him the summe of forty dollers, to which said proffer and perswasion the said Roane in this deponents heareing replyed that hee for his part would not sweare as the said Groenenburgh had then desired him for a hundred pownds. for that (as hee then said) hee should thereby doe much iniurye to such Seamen and marriners and the wives and children of such as by sufficient power and Comission had seized the said ship and her ladeing or hee saith the said Roane made answeare to the same effect. And further hee cannot depose"

The answere of the said ffalconer to the Interrogatories ministred by Suckley

"Hee cometh requested by Mr Southwood to testifie the truth of his knowledge in this cause for which hee neither hath receaved or Expecteth to receave any consideration save only for his losse of tyme but who must pay him for that hee hee yet knoweth not And saith hee is worth more than hee oweth And liveth in kingstreete in Stepney parishe where hee hath lived by the space of about three yeares and before that dwelt neere the Hermitage and in the parishe of Saint Catherine and getteth his liveing by unladeing of shipps which deliver theire ladeing in the River of Thames and saith hee is a howse=keeper and payeth all manner of dutyes and Taxes which are usually levied either for Church Poore, or the Army according as hee is assessed"

"The said Groenenburgh soe proferred the said Roane the money or Summe predeposed in the XXX XXXX XXXX XXX in the howse of the said Taylor at the signe of the fflushing at which tyme there was one Mrs Carter with this deponent and saith hee came accidentally into the said Roome and left the said Skipper and the said Roane behinde him there as hee found them. and well knoweth the said person who proffered the said Money to the said Roane to be the Skipper of the Corne=prize because hee the said Skipper then did lodge in that house and this deponent by the said Mrs Carter was then told upon this deponents asking of what ship hee was master) that hee was Master or Skipper of the Moses which had bin taken by the Harry and for such the said Groenenburgh was and is as he saith comonly accompted. And further saith that the said Southwood being informed by the said Roane of this deponents being present when the said Skipper promised the said Somme of money unto him before hee the said Roane went to sea, hee therefore by the said Southwood was desired to come and depose what hee had heard the said Skipper say." SIGNED IN CLEAR HAND BY WILLIAM FFAULKNER

Michaell Groenenbergh

Deposition: Michaell Groenenbergh, age 42, Mariner and Master of the ship the Moses, of Stettin in PomerLand
Date: December 18th, 1651
Case: The claime of Anthony hannetts and Sophia Earnest of Stettin in Pomerland and Jaspar Scherenbergh and company of Amsterdam for the shipp the Moses and the lading aboard

Stettin, in Swedish Pomerania, or Pomer Land

P1170870

18 December 1651
The claime of Anthony hannetts and)
Sophia Earnest of Stettin PomerLand and)
Jaspar Scherenbergh and company of Amsterdam)
for the shipp the Moses and the lading aboard)
Examined upon an allegation on the
behalfe of the said claimers.
Rp. 1
Michael Groenenbergh of Stettin in Pomerland
Mariner master of the said shipp the Moses
aged 42 yeares or thereabouts sworne and
examined
To the first and second articles of the said allegation hee saith and deposeth
that hee well knoweth the producents Anthony harnetts and Sophia
Earnest and alsoe Gaspar Scherenbergh John ?Joseph and company and
saith that for all the time arlate they have bin and at present are the
true and lawfull owners and proprietors of the said shipp the ?Masts tackle and furniture
and soe commonly accompted and reputed, and that in the moneth of July
last the said owners by themselves and factors or agents did at Stettin aforesaid
lade and put aboard the said shipp for their owne accompt eightie and
fourtie lasts of wheate, fourtie lasts of Rie sixteene baggs of wooll
two thousand seaven hundred shovells and six hundred trayes to be thense
carried and transported in the said shipp to Amsterdam arlate and there to
be delivered to Gaspar Scherenbergh and others there dwelling to be sold
and disposed to and for the use and best profit and accompt of the said
claimers, which hee knoweth being master of the said shipp and one of the
owners, and receiving the said goods aboard to the effect aforesaid. And
otherwise hee cannot depose
To the third and fourth articles hee saith and deposeth that the said shipp the
Moses departing from Stettin with the said lading for Amsterdam was in her
course on the fourteenth of August last (old stile) met with and
taken by an English vessell in the North sea neare Utashriffe upon the
coast of Jutland, and saith there were two commanders or Captaines in
the said English vessell whose names (as hee hath since learnt) were Thomas
Awres and Henry Bennet, who upon the said seizure were told and made
acquainted by this deponent and company) that they came with the said vessekk
the Moses and lading from Stettin aforesaid bound for Amsterdam, and showed
them his Seabriefe and other documents and letters to that purpose, together with
his toll-briefe showing his clearing the custome in the Sound, and manifested
unto them out of his said papers and writings and by the averrement of
himselfe and company that hee soe came from Stettin with the said goods and
was to deliver them at Amsterdam with the names of the XXXXXXX
to whom and for whose accompt, in all things as aforesaid, with which
they seemed soe fully satisfied that they told this deponent and company
that they would cleare him with his said vessell and goods and suffer him
to proceede for his port, howbeit hee saith that they having taken this deponent
and foure of his company out of his said vessell the Moses into the said English
vessell and kept them there all night, and the next day about
nine of the clock they tooke this deponent and three others of his company
and put them into the boate of the said English vessell and XXXX putt them
aboard a ffisherman forcing them into the said boate, whereas this
deponent and company were loath and somewhat with stood their being
put into the boate and sent away and be deprived of their vessell, but
they of the said English vessell forced him by a drawne sable or sword with
which they threatened to cut him in peeces if hee refused to goe into the boate
and at length foure of them tooke him and heaved him over board and
threwe him into the boate, and forced his other three men in after him,
keeping the fourth being his cooke still in the said vessell and carrying
him away with them, and at the same time others of the said English=
vessells company tooke all the reste of this deponents company that were
aboard his said vessell the Moses and being five persons, and alsoe
three men and a woman that were passengers and put them into the boate of his said shipp
and

P1170871

"and sent them aboard another ffisherman, and soe carried away this deponents
said shipp and lading aforesaid, and while they had this deponent and company
soe in their hands they pillaged and stripped them of all their clothes and goods
leaving them only in raggs, and drawers, and carried their said goods and
clothes away with them; And at the time of the said seizure hee saith that
all the fores said lading and goods were aboard the said shipp the Moses for
the accompt arlate and alsoe a trunck with severall ?sheets of clothes, wearing
apparrell, XXXrds, bolts, XXXXXlls, money and other necessaries belonging to
CoustXXXX DaXXXX a passenger in his said shipp, all which came to the
hands of the said seizers, and saith that this deponent and company were
soe dispoiled, dispossest of their shipp and goods and turned aboard the said
ffisherman on the fourteenth day old stile of the moneth of
August last. And otherwise hee cannot depose.
To the fourth and fifth articles hee saith and deposeth that hee this deponent being
by the said ffisherman set into a shipp of Copenhagen and going therewith to
Elsanore, and thense to Stettin, where having acquainted such of his owners
as were there with what had happened, they XXXXed him away for ?Amsterdam
and sent and write to diverse places to inquire after the said shipp and goods
and after that this deponent had bin about a moneth at Amsterdam and
could heare noe newes of her, there came a lettre from London advising
that such a shipp with such goods as were aboard her when shee was
taken awas brought into Barwick whereupon this deponnet
dinding a Newcastle man readie to saile imbarqued himselfe therein and
arived at Newcastle, and went thense by land to Barwick where hee
found his said shipp and went aboard her, and both aboard and ashoare
hee was informed that shee was brought in thither by the said Awres
and Bennet with the said goods aboard her, which being taken

Thomas Harrison

Deposition: Thomas Harrison, age 32, Victualler, of the parishe of Saint Mary Matsellon alias Whitechappell
Date: April 29th, 1652
Case: Awres and Company against the said ship of an unknowne name

Deponent knows Henry Bennett; "hee this deponent being drinkeing a cupp of wyne which the said Bennet att the halfe moone Taverne in Saint Ca?thernes Court neere the Tower of London upon the 14th day of February last past did heare him say and declare that hee the said Bennet did in the moneth of June last past or thereabouts goe out from this Port of London as Comander of and in the ship called the Harry upon a man of warre=voyage and designe And that during the said voyage hee had taken many prizes but whither the ship and Corne now in question was one of the said prizes soe taken by him hee saith the said Bennet the said hee knewe not"

the deponent on Good Fryday last Easter mett with the wives of the said Browne and Mr Salmon the one at Stone Stayres neere the Custome House Key and the other at the house of the said Salmon was severally told by them that theire said husbands did goe out upon the said Man of warre voyage in the said ship the Harry together with the said Harry Bennet..."

knows the arlate Richard Bladwell, and about 12 months back, "this defendant being at the Greyhound in Tower Streete London did then and there see the said Bladwell under the hands of the Custody of a Constable for stealing and purloyning of moneys from the arlate Mr John Southwood his Master at which tyme this deponent heard the said Southwood say that the said Bladwell had robbd him and that hee would therefore have him before the Justice or Lord Mayor and forthwith this deponent sawe the said Southwood procure the said Constable and carry the said Bladwell away before the Magistrate in a Coach which hee knoweth because hee saw the said Bladwell soe carryed away as is predeposed."

Andrew Hayer

Deposition: Andrew Hayer, age 33, Merchant, of Tundren within the Dukedom of Holsteyn
Date: September 4th, 1651
Case: Thomas Awre and Company against the ship the Auke of Neap Whereof Berkey Jacobs is Master

NOTE: Tundren, or Tonninghen (Tonningen) is possibly Tönning, ca. 20 km SSW of Husum, both in modern Germany, but in the mid-C17th, presumably in the Dukedom of Holsten

Deponent was Cape Merchant on the Auke

Said ship sailed in ballast from Tonninghen in Holsten to the River of Berghen in Norway

Said ship received her present loading "consisting in 48 Mares and two ?Stoned ?hornes which are for this deponents accompt and in a quantity of stock fish, some Tarre, a parcell of woolen Cloth and about 300 Deales with some other small parcells of goods all which were for the accompt of this deponent and axell Lawes a Burgomaster in Tonninghen and of the skipper of the said ship who allsoe liveth in the said Towne"

"And saith the said ship was bound only with the present loading from the River of Berghen unto Tundren within the said Dukedom of Hosten where the same was all to bee unladen and delivered"

Deponent was aboard the Auke when she was seized

"When the said ship came from North Berghen in Norway and at the tyme of the surprizall therof by Thomas Awre there was a Charter partie, a Sea breife and a coquett and severall other papers and Wrteings abord her in and by which it did appeare that the said ship came from Tonninghen and was bound to goe for her loading to North Berghen and from thense was to transport the same to Tundren aforesaid all which were delivered unto the hands of the said Thomas Awres without any diminution that this deponent knoweth of and are all still in his Custody unlesse hee hath otherwise disposed of them."

(INTERROGATORIES) "The said ship when she was seized was not out of the River of Berghen but was iust under saile and departing hense to goe for Tondren"

INTERROGATORIES CONT./ "Neither this deponent nor the Skipper nor any else that hee knoweth of was ever in Scotland with the said shippe And saith that to his knowledge the said ship from the tyme of her first being built untill the tyme of the seizure thereof was never in Scotland nor did or hath she made any voyage into that Countrey which hee knoweth because hee knoweth most of the voyages which the said ship hath under taken and performed since she first went to Sea"

John Hearne

Deposition: John Hearne, age 44, Lighterman, of the parishe of Saint Buttolphe Aboat Allgate
Date: March 22nd 1651(52)
Case: Thomas Aw?res and Company against a ship of an unknowne name laden with Corne and other goods and against Sophia Ernest Casper XXXXX and others

Deponent well knoweth James Salmon and James Browne

In January 1651(52) the deponent being at the ?HexXXXXXX XXXX in Wapping did accidentally meet with the said James Browne"

"Browne who then haveing a sticke in his hand was beating severall Seamen into a Skiffe whereupon this deponent being very familiarly acquainted with him did aske and demand of the said Browne wherefore hee did soe force the said men into the said Boate whereunto the said Browne replyed that hee was Boatswaine of the ship to which those men belonged, And then this deponent desireing to know what ship it was and upon what designe shee was bound the said Browne forthwith said that hee was goeing out with Captaine James Salmon in the ship the Harry upon the tearmes of noe Purchase noe Pay..."

At the beginning of March 1651(52) he and Richard Prior "being at the howse hereuntofore comonly called Richard Bells howse and now Richard Jones his howse in Water Lane in Tower Streete London and heareing that the said Browne was returned from the said voyage did send for the said Browne (who liveth within two or three doores of that place) to come and drincke a cup of beere with them.."

Browne came to the room that Hearne and Prior were in and "this deponent tooke the cup and said ?heare Boatswaine I drinke to you for which the said Boatswaine returned thanks and by that tyme that the Cup had gone about and was come againe to this deponents hand hee this deponent dranke againe to the said Browne by the very same terme of Boatswaine as before and then asked the said Browne if hee went out with James Salmon in the ship of warre called the Harry whereof Henry Bennett was Commander upon the conditions of Noe Purchase noe pay." Browne, allegedly replyed that he did

Hearne attests that Browne made this answer verbally and in public, in the presence of him, Prior and "James Sands and William Moore of Saint Catherines"

Hath knowne James Browne for about 15 years; and that "hee is a middle statured man blackish haire and a ruddy complexion And the said Salmon hee saith is a full bodied man of a light Browne haire and a faire complexion" and hath knone Salmon "ever since hee was eight years of age"

Thomas Hull

Deposition: Thomas Hull, age 34, Marriner, of Eastsmithfeild in the parishe of Allgate
Date: September 29th, 1651
Case: ?Thomas Awris and Company against a ship of an unknowne name and goods abord her taken by the Harry whereof the said Awre is Comander

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Hance Johnson ?Jcksted

Deposition: Hance Johnson ?Jcksted, age 23, Marriner, of Stettin in Pomerania within the kingdome of Sweden
Date: April 29th, 1652
Case: Awres and Company against the said ship of an unknowne name

The Harry set out from London in or about the month of August 1651; off the coast of Denmarke the Harry met, surprised and took at sea near a place called ?Ulish Riffe the ship the Moses, which was and is together with the lading the subject of the current controversy; the deponent was on the seized ship, and describes Awres and Bennett being in equal command

"by the said Awres and Bennet hee saith both the said Samon and Browne were comanded out of the Harry and went abord the said ship the Moses or Corne ship now in question the one videlicet Salmon as master and Browne as Boatswaine this deponent sayeth hee sawe the said parties execute and undertake, and accordingly by the order and appoyntment of the said Awres and Bennet as Master and Boatswaine of and abord the said ship the Moses departed and sett saile with the said ship for Berwicke; the deponent was Cooke on the Moses

Deponent, after the Harry had taken the Moses "during such tyme as this deponent was abord the said ship the Harry after she had soe tooke the Moses hee did heare diverse of the Harryes company say and affirme that the said James Salmon was appoynted to goe master and the said Browne Boatswaine of the said ship or Corne prize called the Moses"

deponent cometh at the request of Michaell Goronenbury, skipper of the Moses, to testify; "hee well knoweth the said Awres by sight"

never saw nor knew the harry until the sizure of the Moses

saw the Harry three months since in the River Thams

"shee is of the burthen of about 15 or 20 Lasts and carryed 8 peeces of Ordnance when this deponent last saw her"

"hee first saw the said Browne and Salmon at the same tyme of the seizure of the said ship the Moses and saith the said Salmon is a fatt man middle staturd and hath a bald crowne and the said Browne hee saith is allsoe of a middle stature, Blackish haire of a swarthy complexion and both of them live in some place neere Tower streete London"

to the 5th (Interrogatory) hee cannot speake the Englishe Tongue but can indifferently understand it And saith hee never was in England till XXX theise 4 months or thereabouts and then stayed about 5 or 6 weekes and soe went to dantzicke from whence hee returned thither againe about 7 weekes since"

Jeremie Miller

Deposition: Jeremie Miller, age 30, Marriner, if the parishe of Saint Buttolphs in the Allgate London
Date: September 29th, 1651
Case: ?Thomas Awris and Company against a ship of an unknowne name and goods abord her taken by the Harry whereof the said Awre is Comander

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William Moore

Deposition: William Moore, age 66, Lighterman, Of the parishe of Saint Catherine neere the Tower of London
Date: April 27th, 1652
Case: Thomas Awres and Company against a vessell of an unknowne name laden XXXXXX and other goods and against Sophia XXXX and Company

Deponent knows the Harry and James Salmon and James Browne: "this deponent being a Lighterman by profession and plying to and fro in the River of Thames whilest the said ship the Harry lay there betwixt old and New Wapping Stayres ymediately before her departure upon the said voyage did see both the said Salmon and Browne very often abord her and sawe them carry and demeane themselves as persons in the respective imployments predeposed"

(speaking of the Harry) "the said vessell is but a small vessell and carryed 9 peeces of Ordnance"

"Hee hath knowne the interrogated James Browne and James Salmon by the space of about theise 12 yeares and came first acquainted with them at Billingsgate where one of them was a lighter=man and the other a Cole=meter, And saith the said Browne liveth at Water lane neere Tower Street, And that the said Browne is a man of middle stature and browne haired And that the said Salmon is a fat, full bodied man and hath a bald Crowne"

"this Examinate is an English man and can speake none other language but the Englishe"

Richard Prior

Deposition: Richard Prior, age 30, Lighterman, of Wapping in the parish of Stepney
Date: March 22nd, 1651(52)
Case: Thomas Aw?res and Company against a ship of an unknowne name laden with Corne and other goods and against Sophia Ernest Casper XXXXX and others

Deponent well knoweth James Salmon and James Browne

"In or about the Moneth of June last past hee this deponent being in the streete att Wapping Wall by accident mett with the said James Browne who then and there told this deponent that hee was now goeing out upon a desperate designe upon the tearmes and conditions of Noe Purchase Noe pay and then asked this deponent whether they should drinke together before his departure, to which this deponent condescended and soe went into the Blacksmiths Armes upon Wapping Wall together with the said Browne, And saith that about 3 weekes or a month since this deponent together with his contest John Hearne being att one Bells howse in Water lane in Tower streete London and heareing that the said James Browne and the arlate James Salmon were returned from a voyage which they had lately made to Sea in a man of warre sent for the said James Browne to come and drincke a cup of beere with them..."

Browne told Hearne that he had been out on the Harry whereof Henry Bennett was Commander, and that he went as Boatswaine of the ship, and that James Salmon went out Captaine "in equall ?clayme and Comission together with the said Bennett"

Deponent cometh at the request of "Andrew ?Huyson an East Country merchant"

Hee hath knowne the said Browne by the space of about seaven years and came first acquainted with him by this deponent goeing to buy a lighter of him the said Browne being then a lighter man by profession, and of a Middle stature and black haired and a ruddy complexion. And the said Salmon hee saith hee hath knowne by the space of about 12 moneths and came acquainted with him through the said brownes meanes And that the said Salmon is a full bodied man of a middle stature for height, light coloured haire and ruddy complexion"

"Hee for his part cannot tell whether the said Browne and Salmon bee honest men or noe and such as will not sweare an Untruth. but saith that the said Browne did voluntarily declare unto this deponent and his ?precontest that hee and the said Salmon went out upon the designe of Noe purchase noe pay, which hee saith is noe honest calling as this rendent conceiveth"

William Roalfe

Deposition: William Roalfe, age 63, Cittizen and Whitebaker of London, liveing in the parishe of Saint Dunstan in the East
Date: April 28th, 1652
Case: Awres against the said ship of an Unknowne name and goods abord her and against Sophia Ernst

Deponent has knowne James Browne and James Salmon for theise last 12 years

"the said Browne and Salmon, for and dureing all the said time and ever since they were married men were and are good housekeepers and men of good fame and credite in the parishe wherein they live And such as hee is veryly perswaded will not sweare or depose that which is not true"

Deponent lives very near Salmon

Deponent comes to testifie at the request of Mr Southwood of Ironmonger Lane

Deponent lives in Saint Dunstan in the East, where he has been a householder for the last 30 years and "liveth by his profession of a Cole-Meater"

Coal/Cole-meter^[9]

According to Burn & Chetwynd (1820: XX) in their entry on 'Coals and Coal=Mines', writing in 1820 in their 23rd edition, there were multiple acts of parliament regulating the weights, measures and price of coals, especially in and around London. (p.508) The authors identify multiple occupations related to the coal trade and its regulation, including meters, meter's men, coal heavers or whippers, coal buyers, coal undertakers, Delivery rates from aboard ship to shore are set to a standard 42 chaldron per day. (p.508) The wages of coal heavers or whippers, and meter's men, shall be paid by the masters or owners of ships, or their agents, to the undertaker, who shall divide the same amongst them. The undertaker is to pay the wages at his counting house, and if there is no undertaker, wages shall be paid by the shipmaster or owner, on board ship, where the employment has been. Wages are to be paid daily. Regarding coal meters: "Every meter superintending the measurement or delivery of any coals from any vessel into any lighter, barge, or other craft, is to give to the person having the management of the lighter, &c. before it shall quit such vessel, a certificate or certificates of the quantity of coals measured into such lighter..."(p.509)

Isabell Robinson

Deposition: Isabell Robinson, age 32, widdowe, of Wapping in the parishe of Stepney
Date: May 8th, 1652
Case: Awres and Company against the ship of an unknowne name and against Sophia Ernst

"About seaven or eight weekes since as shee remembreth the tyme shee this deponent liveinge in the howse with her Mother a widdowe woman in Wapping in which houuse the arlate John Roane then lodged and dyeted and had soe done for severall weekes before) did then and there heare her said Mother desire the said Roane to pay her what was due from him for his said Lodgeing and Dyet to which the said Roane in this deponents presence and heareing replyed that att present hee had not wherewith to satisfie her demands, but that if shee would have patience till such tyme as the Corne prize taken by the Harry to which shipp he belonged when the sayd Prize was taken was condemned hee would pay what was due unto her And then shee saith the said Roane further said that hee meant to deale honestly with her and that hee for his part was offered tenne pounds by the Skipper of the said Prize (which hee then said was a great deale more money than hee oweth this deponents said Mother or that hee should XXXX by his share in the said prize if it was condemned) if hee would but beare false wittnesse and XXX against the Owners and Company of the said ship the Harry touching the ?manner of the takeing and seizeing of the said Corne vessell":

In answer to INTERROGATORIES: "She cometh desired by Mr Southwood merchant to testifie the truth in this cause and neither hath or Expects to receive any thing for her soe doeing And saith that the said Southwood came to knowe what this deponent could say in this matter upon her this deponents repaireing and going severall tymes to his howse to which place sh went to demand moneyes of him which was due to her said mother from the said Roane. And saith that she never was a wittnesse for Mr Southwood in any cause. And further saith that shee liveth at the sign of the three Castles neere the Hermitage^[10] in Wapping where shee getteth her subsistance by Pickeing Ocum for the use of Shipping and that shee is a house keeper with her said Mother and whilest her husband was liveing did pay Scot and lot according as hee was rated. And otherwise shee answereth negatively" (SIGNED WITH MARKE OF ISABELL ROBINSON)

James Salmon

Deposition: James Salmon, age 36, Woodmonger, Cittizen of London, Of the parishe of Saint Dunstan in the East
Date: October 16th, 1651
Case: Thomas Awres and Company against the ship the Arke of Noah aforesaid

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Deposition: James Salmon, age 36, Woodmonger, of the parish of Saint Dunstans in the East London
Date: November 19th, 1651
Case: Thomas Awres and Company against the ship of an unknowne name and ladeing of corne abord her aforesaid

Thomas Awras and Company had in August 1651 a Comission or Letter of Marque under the greate seale of the Court for the victualling, equipping and furnishing forth of the shipp the Harry upon a warlike voyage

James Sands

Deposition: James Sands, age 27, Citizen and Lether sellar of London, of the parish of Saint Buttolph Billingsgate London
Date: May 1st, 1652
Case: Awres and Company against the ship of an unknowne name

"hee this deponent well knoweth the arlate James Salmon and James Browne and saith that 6 or 7 weekes since

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William Seywell

Deposition: Welliam Sewell, age 36, Marriner, of Lymehouse in the parishe of Stepney
Date: November 1st, 1651
Case: Thomas Aw?cas and Company against a ship of an unknowne Name laden with Corne and taken by the said Aw?cas in the ship the Harvey whereof he was Captaine

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John Southwood

Deposition: John Southwood, age 60, Merchant, of Ironmonger Lane in the parishe of Saint Martin Pomray London^[11]
Date: October 10th, 1651
Case: Touching the losse of goods by John Southwood in the ship the Anne aforesaid

(IN ANSWER TO INTERROGATORIES)..."Hee well knoweth the ship the Anne interrogated whereof William Wlington was master And saith that in or about the moneth of August 1643 hee this deponent did Lade and put abord the said ship in this Port of London the XXX of eighteene packs bales and chests and Truncks of goods XXX and ...NEXT PAGE...

"FROM LAST PAGE...wares and Merchandizes with many other goods which were Loose and not made up as the forementioned goods were, to be transported in the said ship from hence to fflushing in Zealand The true vallew thereof this deponent saith at the first penny were worth 1500 li sterling and upwards and soe much hee saith they cost him this deponent when he bought and paid soe the same"

"The said shipp the Anne in her passage from hense to flushing aforesaid with the said goods abord her uppon the 25th day of August 1643 was mett withall surprized and taken by one ?Peter Bernard a comander of a ffrench ffrigot or man of warre carryed the same into Boloigne in ffrance where the same was condemed for prize and soe became utterly lost to this deponent who did not onl loose the said goods, but had his wife, 6. children and two servants which were then abord the said shipp carryed allsoe therewith into Boligne where they were detayned till this deponent came from England thither to pay for their redemption and thereby with much Expenditure of moneyes got them discharged, but was forced to returne thense without his said goods"

John Southwood Junior

Deposition: John Southwood Junior, age 28, Merchant, of the parishe of Saint Dunstan in the East London
Date: October 6th, 1651
Case: On the behalfe of John Southwood Merchant touching the losse of his goods in the ship the Anne, taken by the French

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Thomas Thorneyworke

Deposition: Thomas Thorneyworke, age 45, Cittizen and Corn Chandler of London, of the parishe of Saint Mary Hill London
Date: May 5th, 1652
Case: Awres and Company against the shipp of an unknowne name laden with corne

The deponent "well knoweth James Salmon and hath soe done by the space of theise eight or nine yeares llast past dureing all which tyme hee saith the said Salmon..(NEXT PAGE)

"...(FROM PREVIOUS PAGE)...bin and still is a Married man and a house keeper within the parish of Saint Dunstan in the East in London where this deponent hath knowne him to live for all the same tyme in a very good fame and repute and a person who from tyme to tyme hee hath knowne to bee credited to the vallew of about 500 li sterling by severall persons. And for and as an able and an honest man and soe hee the said Salmon was and is comonly accompted and reputed amongest all his ?neighbours dwelling about him." For the entire time the deponent hath dwelled himself in the next parish "not farre from his dwelling house" and "hath bin well acquainted with him and his manner of liveing and conversation"; Deponent comes requested by John Southwood; the deponent "liveth in the parish of Saint Mary Hill neere Billingsgate where hee hath lived by the space of theise 17 yeares as a Colemeter and a sworne man to performe XX XXX truly and iustly"

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William Varvell

Deposition: Thomas Varvill, age 46, Marriner, of Wapping in the parishe of Stepney and County of Middlesex
Date: September 29th, 1651
Case: ?Thomas Awris and Company against a ship of an unknowne name and goods abord her taken by the Harry whereof the said Awre is Comander

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Deposition: William Varvell, age 46, Marriner, of Wapping iin the parishe of Stepney and Countie of Middlesex
Date:
Deposition:

"6 or 7 weekes since as hee this deponent was walkeing in the streets at Wapping and since the tyme of this deponents Examination taken in this cause the arlate Michaell Groenenburgh came unto this deponent and demanded of him whether hee was not one of the..(NEXT PAGE)

"(CONTINUED FROM PREVIOUS PAGE) the Company of the ship the Harry whereof Thomas Awres was Commander at such tyme as shee tooke the ship the Moses and her ladeing and carryed her into Barwicke to which this deponent replyed that hee was one of that ships Company which had taken a dutch vessell laden with wheate and Rye off the Coast of Norway from an Irish man of warre and that the said vessell was by her carryed into Barwicke whereupon the said Groenenburgh affirmed himselfe to bee ths Skipper of the said Corne Vessell and thereupon desired to drincke a cup of beere and discourse a few words with this deponent, to which motion this deponent condescended And ymediately the said Skipper and XXX this deponent into the house of one Williams dwelling at the signe of the Six Starrs Neere the Hermitage in Wapping where they were noe sooner come and sate downe together but the said Skipper demanded of this deponent Whether hee had not bin Examined in this Court touching the said Shippe or Corne=Vessell on the behalfe of the takers thereof to which this deponent answered that hee had, Then hee saith the said Skipper did bz all meanes and perswasions endeavour to procure this deponent to unsweare and deny what hee had formerly sworne in this matter and importuned and very much urged him to retract his said deposition and to sweare that the Company belonging to the said ship the Harry were the first which surprized and tooke the said ship the Moses and her ladeing and turned the Company over bord into ffisher boats or to the very same effect. Which if hee would soe doe then hee the said Skipper did faithfully promise to give the Deponent the Somme of Forty dollers and in earnest thereof hee saith the said Skipper did forthwith plucke fower or five dollers out of his pocket and layed them upon the table willing this deponent to accept of that parte and then againe assureing him that hee the said Skipper would certainly make good the said Number of fortye dollers unto him. Howbeit this deponent then told the said Skipper that hee had ?once sworne truth in this cause allready and that hee would not now retract that or sweare an untruth for all the world fore that his soules wellfare would bee much questioned and XXXX by soe doeing"

INTERROGATORIES: "Hee cometh of his owne free will to testifie the truth of his knowledge in this matter and Expecteth noe somme or reward from any man for soe doeing And saith that soone after this deponnent had bin soe tempted by the said Skipper to forsweare himselfe as abovesaid hee repaired to the house of the Interrogated Mr John Southwood and acquainted him...SEE NEXT PAGE"

"FROM PREVIOUS PAGE...him therewith. And saith that about ten yeares since hee was a wittnesse at the Kings Court Barre att Westminster for Mr Southwood touching damage done at Sea to a ship in which this deponent was and in which the said Southwood had an interest and by that means came first acquainted with him. And saith hee is worth x: li (all his debts paid) and liveth by his calling of a marriner at Wapping docke where hee hath lived by the space of theise three yeares and before that lived at Shadwell for 13 yeares space in both which places hee hath paid and still doth pay scot and lott and all kinds of taxes as other neighbours of his rannke and qualitye and hath bin a howse keeper for all the said tyme."

"the said Groenenburgh soe said and proffered unto him this deponent as is predeposed about 7 weekes since in the Lower Roome of the said William his house about twelve of the clocke in the day tyme at which tyme there was none other present save the Skipper and him this deponent and his ?contest Joane Hyat who then sate by the fire side andthen hee saith they stayed about an howre together, And saith hee did Not knowe the said Groenburgh to bee the Skipper of the said ship the Moses, but as himselfe acknowledged and affirmed unto this deponent, who hath since seene him severall tymes soliciting this businesse."

Edward Walker

Deposition: Edward Walker, age 41, Water Man, of the parishe of Saint Catherine neere the Tower of London
Date: April 28th, 1652
Case: Awres and Company against the said vessell of an Unknowne name and goods on bord her

Deponent well knoweth the Harry, and James Salmon and James Browne; "in or about the month of June or July last past the said ship then being betwixt old and New Wapping Stayres in the River of Thames, set saile and departed from hence..."

Deponent claims that the Harry set saile "upon a man of Warre Voyage and imployment under the Comand of the arlate Henry Bennet and James Salmon who by generall report of all that know them went out and were equall Commanders of and in the said shipp the sayd voyage"; "this deponent haveing some occasion to goe to the howse of the said James Browne did enquire of his wife whither or noe her husband in the month of June or July last past did not goe and out with the said Captaine Bennett in the said ship the Harry upon the said voyage and designe and by XXX the said Brownes wife was answered that her husband was with the said Bennett abord the said ship in the said voyage and imployment"; deponent claims he saw James Salmon aboard the Harry before her departure from Wapping Staires; deponent cometh requested by Andrew Huyson, and East Country man; "Browne is of a black=browe XXXX middle statured and swarthy complexion And that the said Salmon was "a fat man faire haried and hath a bald Crowne"

William Ward

Deposition: William Ward, age 40, Silkeweaver and Cittizen of London
Date: April 27th, 1652
Case: Thomas Awres and Company against a ship of an Unknowne Name laden with Corne and other goods and against Sophia Ernest

Deponent knows James Salmon, but James Browne only by sight

"Dureing such the tyme off this deponents knowledge the said Salmon which hath bin by the space of theise twenty yeares and even from his youth upwards hee hath bin and still is reputed an honest able and XXX man and a good housekeeper since hee married and came to keepe howse, which hee saith hath bin by the space of about theise four?teene yeares dureing all which space hee hath lived in the parishe of Saint Dunstan in the East and is a person of soe good credite that this deponent hath knowne him credited to the vallew of 500 li and upwards by merchants dwelling in this Citty And for and as an honest and good housekeeper hee the said Salmon was and is comonly reputed and taken the premisses hee deposeth because hee this deponent dureing all the tyme last predeposed hath lived and still liveth in the next parish and neere to the said Salmon with whome and whose manner of liveing hee was well and is well acquainted And therefore doeth verily beleive and in conscience is perswaded hee the said Salmon is such a man as will not XXX an untruth"

States that to his knowledge Salmon and Browne did Not goe out with the Harry on the voyage in question, but rather went on the ffortune to Nor=berghen

This he deposeth "because hee this deponent by accident comeing from Woolwich did in Bugley hole see the said ship the Harry weigh Anchor and was under saile and demanding of her company abord whether they were bound was answered that they were bound out to Sea and this hee saith was upon or about the 8th or 9th of July last past as hee remembreth the precise day and about that very day XXXXXXX this deponent in London mett with the said James Salmon and James Browne and drancketh with them at the signe of the Mairmaide at Billingsgate when and where they hath told this deponent that they were goeing out in the said ship the ffortune and they afterwards did accordingly as this deponent by severall others since that heard it allsoe credibly and commonly reported and spoken And further hee cannot depose

Deponent cometh desired by Mr John Southwood to testifie "and saith hee hath lived in the parishe of Saint Buttolphs Billingsgate by the space of about theise 14 yeares and liveth by his owne trade and endeavours without the Assistance of any XXX"

The ffortune was in the River Thames in July 1651, but the deponent was never on it, and doesn't know when it left, but beleiveth it set saile about the 16th of July.

Background analysis

John Southwood and Ironmonger Lane

John Southwood senior, in a deposition of October 1651, described himself as "John Southwood of Ironmonger Lane in parish of Saint Martin Pomray London Merchant aged 60 yeares" (HCA 13/65 P1170655)

Robert Whitmore v. Joseph Blowe & Abraham Hopkinson. 10 October to 6 November 1637.

Joseph Jordan, servant of John Southwood of St Martin, Ironmonger Lane, merchant, aged 24. In June 1637 he paid Abraham Hopkinson, part owner of the Tristram and Jane, Mr. Joseph Blowe, for tobacco shipped from Virginia on account of Robert Whitmore and for the passage home of Mrs. Whitmore. The tobacco was not delivered

William Bateman of St. Martin, Ironmonger Lane, London, merchant aged 25. Robert Whitmore had a plantation and servants in Virginia and, had he received his tobacco from the Tristram and Jane, would have returned with other planters to Virginia in may or June. He was unable to leave until August.

William Melyn of St. Stephen, Coleman Street, London, merchant aged 60. He had weighed tobacco to be delivered to John Southwood, assignee of Whitmore..."^[12]

Admissions, 1645/6 - 1646

"1646

(44) Benjamin Southwood, of St Martin's,Ironmonger Lane.
Middlesex, son of John Southwood, merchant (mercatoris); bred in
Fryday Streete (Mr Perkins); admitted pensioner, tutor and surety
Mr Goodwyn, 28 March."^[13]

"Introduction (East side of Ironmonger Lane)

These properties lay on the E. side of Ironmonger Lane between Catte Street (now Gresham Street) on the N., the church or cemetery of St. Martin Pomary on the S., and properties in St. Olave parish on the E. The properties have been numbered in accordance with the houses rebuilt after the Great Fire. During the later Middle Ages the site of 8-12 was part of a larger property, known as the Prince's Wardrobe, which extended as far as Old Jewry on the E. and so lay partly in St. Olave parish. A useful account of the history of the Prince's Wardrobe and of number 11 Ironmonger Lane, which occupies the site of 95/11-12, was published in 1951. (fn. 1) It has been possible to add to this account, but further work on records concerning properties in St. Olave parish would undoubtedly add to our knowledge of the development of the area during the 16th and 17th centuries.

In 1858 the property was represented by no. 17 Gresham Street and nos. 10-14 Ironmonger Lane....

11-12

These properties probably occupied the site of the great messuage once inhabited by Hugh Pope, and the order of the assessment list of 1638 suggests that the site was then occupied by 5 identifiable households. The first of these was that of Mr. Southwood, whose property 'with a great wine cellar' was valued at £20 a year. Southwood's house probably lay back from the street frontage, but the wine cellar, probably identical with that where Pope's wines had been kept, may have been closer to the street and part of the same vaulted structure as that later known to have been held by Richard Payne (see 10). In 1637 John Southwood, who was evidently the same householder, was said to have made out of one house 2 very convenient and sufficient tenements, each with its own door to the street and inhabited by James Scaddinge, mercer, and Simon Plusheare, merchant, respectively. In 1638 Scaddinge's house was valued at £10 a year and Plusheare's at £9. The 2 houses perhaps occupied part of the area later identifiable as 12 and presumably incorporated rooms once occupied by Southwood himself; they may have stood over the wine cellar. The parish officers in 1637 also reported that there was a house with only one door to the street and one pair of stairs up to the first floor where there were 3 pairs of stairs to several rooms inhabited by the following: John Holmes, evidently the Mr. Holmes whose house was valued at £9 a year in 1638; Smythe and his family; William Drywood with his wife and maid, who was evidently the Mr. Drywood whose house was valued at £7 a year in 1638; Widow Hurlstone, who was Drywood's tenant; Widow Hawes, Widow Dixson, and Widow Wetnall, 'three ancient widows and parishioners'; and Magdalen Hall, milkwoman, also an ancient parishioner. The names of Holmes and Drywood are entered at the end of that part of the 1638 list which deals with Ironmonger Lane, and so it seems likely that the people listed in 1637 occupied a building identifiable from the street as 2 houses with a common entrance standing on part of the site later identifiable as 12. Since the accommodation began at first floor level or higher, it seems possible that these houses stood over a vaulted cellar which rose substantially above the street."^[14]

"The registers of St. Mary le Bowe, Cheapside, All Hallows, Honey lane, and of St. Pancras, Soper lane, London

1657: July 13 Elizabeth Southwood d. John Southwood & Elizabeth his wife, in the chansell"^[15]

John Southwood senior and John Southwood junior

27 May 1641 -- Petition of Thomas Nevett: petitioner, being trusted in the receipts of the customs for tobacco, discovered that John Southwood had defrauded the Exchequer of a large sum of money."^[16]

"Tuesday, the 3d of February, 1651

The Narrative and Oath of John Southwood the younger, of London, Merchant, was this Day read.

John Southwood jun. of London, Merchant, maketh Oath, that he had, for his proper Accompt, bought and shipped aboard Francis Roys and Nicholas Johnson, in Middieburg in Zeland, in the Month of May last, and bound for London, Eleven Hogsheads of Nutmegs, Four Hogsheads of Cloves, Four Hogsheads of Mace, Five Vats of Loaf-sugar, Three Cases of brown Candy, and Five-and-twenty Punchions of Prunes: Which Ships went to Sea, but were surprized by three Irish Frigates; but by some Distress at Sea, were driven into Newport in Flanders; a Port belonging to the King of Spaine; where the aforesaid Goods were seized on, and claimed, by the Rebels aforesaid: Which to prevent, this Deponent, with great Expence, did, in Four Months Time, bring the Business to a fair Trial, before the Arch-Duke Leopoldus, at Brussels; where the aforesaid Ships and Goods were ordered to be restored; which was accordingly performed. So this Deponent did give Order, to have the aforesaid Goods sent back to Middleburgh in Zeland, being the Place from whence they were first shipped; with a second Order, to ship them by the first Ships for London: Which was accordingly shipped in October last, as your Deponent is advised of by his Factor, aboard Cornelius Roball, John Vanaker, and Marten Keene, who had full Order to come for this Port by the First Wind; but were hindered from being here before the First . . December, only by contrary Winds, and through no Neglect of this Deponent.

Sworn at the Council, the

First of January 1651.

Gualter Frost.

Joh Southwood.

The Question being put, That the like Discharge be granted for the Goods mentioned in the said Oath, and the Ships wherein the same are shipped;

It passed in the Negative."^[17]

"Addenda: (1657) Aug. 6th

"Petition of Nath. Brad, mariner, to the Protector. As John Southwood, merchant of London, has long troubled me with suits, never brought to trial, I appealed to you, and you referred me to Sir Thos. Pride, Sir Wm. Smith, and Ralph Gardner, to whom Southwood agreed to submit. They awarded him to pay me 336l. 19s. 4d., which he now refuses to do. I beg that as Southwood stands in contempt of your award, you would order me the money, that I may return to your service at sea. Noted as laid aside. [1 sheet. Vol. CLVI., No. 14a.]"^[18]

Other HCA cases mentioning John Southwood

HCA 13/71 f.213r Case: The widow and heires of the ?Rosumes ?Rosumsn the owners of the shipp the Justine of Christianhaven against John Southwood (“Examined upon the fore said allegation”) (‘Examined upon the fore said allegation0): Deposition: 2. Peter Johnson of Christian haven in Denmarke Merchant, aged 47 yeeres; Date. 03/06/1656 (“Same day”)

Richard Prior/Pryor

"MIDDLESEX SESSIONS' ROLLS.
10 JUNE, 1656. Recognizances, taken before Richard Powell esq.
J. P., of Richard Pryor waterman and Thomas Underhill blacksmith,
both of Stepney co. Midd. in the sum of twenty pounds each, and of
Elizabeth Maddison of Stepney aforesaid widdow, in the sum of forty
pounds ; For the said Elizabeth Maddison's appearance at the next
S. P. for Middlesex, to " answer for uttering scandalous words against
the Protectour, and the Lord Cheife Justice Glynn." S. P. R., i July,
1656."^[19]

Potential sources

Primary sources: Robinson

"1640 Aug. 23 Richard Robinson of Wentworth street Baker & Isabell Richards, W."^[20]

Primary sources: Southwood

London Metropolitan Archives

GB 0074 P69/MTN4: Records of the parish of Saint Martin Pomeroy, Ironmonger Lane, Church of England, including registers of baptisms, marriages and burials; Vestry minutes; Churchwardens' accounts; Overseers' payments; and poor rate books.

TNA

C 2/ChasI/E17/21 Short title: Ewen v Southwood. Plaintiffs: Ewen. Defendants: Southwood and others. Document type: plea, answer. 01 January 1625 - 31 December 1660

C 3/462/13 Short title: Southwood v Deleawe. Plaintiffs: John Southwood and Katherine Southwood his wife. Defendants: Jacob Deleawe . Subject: money matters. Document type: answer only. 1644

C 5/21/86 Short title: Predmore v Southwood. Plaintiffs: John Predmore. Defendants: John Southwood. Subject: money matters, London or Middlesex. Document type: bill, answer. 1655
C 5/29/204 Short title: Southwood v Southwood. Plaintiffs: Katherine Southwood widow. Defendants: John Southwood. Subject: money matters, London or Middlesex. Document type: bill, plea, answer.SFP 1657
C 5/391/101 Short title: Southwood v Andrewes. Plaintiffs: John Southwood. Defendants: Thomas Andrewes and others. Subject: money matters, Middlesex. Document type: bill, two answers. 1644

C 6/130/40 Short title: Blake v Southwood. Plaintiffs: Nicholas Blake, Thomas Alderne and Nathaniel Brad (alias Nathaniel Broad). Defendants: John Southwood and John Southwood. Subject: money matters, Middlesex. Document type: bill, answer. 1652
C 6/143/158 Short title: Rolfe v Southwood. Plaintiffs: John Rolfe. Defendants: John Southwood, Katherine Southwood, James Heath and William Bevan.Subject: property in St Michael Paternoster Royal, London. Document type: bill, two answers, plea. 1658

C 9/15/150 Southwood v. Desmeaker and Corsellis. 1653

C 10/46/13 Bovie v. Southwood: 1646

DEL 1/11 Registrar of the High Court of Delegates: Processes. PARTIES AND TYPE OF CAUSE. Southwood v widow and heirs of Rasmussen, maritime cause. 1657

PROB 2/433B Inventories compiled before 1661. SOUTHWOOD, John, skinner. 1656

PROB 11/302/124 Will of Katherine or Catherine Southwood, Widow of London. 14 November 1660

SP 46/97/fo72A Promise by Nicholas Hunsocke (or Hunsoke) to pay £80, to John Southwood, Jnr., a London merchant, in part settlement of an order made by the Court of Common Pleas at Westminster against himself, John Norbury and Alexander Broome. Witnessed by Peter Cole,Thomas Bridges and James Winstanley. Sworn before John Lagre; 16 December 1653. 1653 Dec. 2

Primary sources: Salmon

TNA

C 6/127/8 Short title: Battson v Girling. Plaintiffs: Richard Battson. Defendants: Robert Girling, James Salmon and Humphrey Beane. Subject: money matters, Middlesex. Document type: bill, plea.

PROB 11/360/523 Will of William Salmon, Merchant of London. 21 May 1658

Secondary sources

General

London citizens in 1651, being a transcript of Harleian MS. 4778^[21]
- BEING A TRANSCRIPT OF HARLEIAN MS 4778. EDITED WITH NOTES AND INDEX BY J. C WHITEBROOK AIDED BY THE INVALUABLE ASSISTANCE AND RESEARCH OF W. WHITEBROOK

Skinners (John Southwood, merchant, of Ironmongers Lane, possibly a skinner)

William Herbert, History of the worshipful company of Skinners of London (London, 1837)

James Foster Wadmore, Some account of the worshipful Company of Skinners of London: being the guild or fraternity of Corpus Christi (XXXX, 1902)
- reference to "Mr Warden Southwoood and Mr Collyson" (p.105) and another reference to Southwood on p. 104
- "1650-51)
Paid by M r Warden Southwood M r Collyson and the
Clarke att the deliverye of the petition to the Com-
mon counsell and given the Hall keeper ooo 02 08"

Wikipedia entry, Worshipful Company of Skinners

Skinners’ Company History Group

- "The Skinners are one of only two of the Great Twelve that do not employ an archivist (generally part-time)"

↑ Electronic link to a digital source
↑ 'America and West Indies: June 1699, 21-30', Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies, Volume 17: 1699 and Addenda 1621-1698 (1908), pp. 291-308., viewed 09/06/13
↑ J. Lockie, Topography of London: Giving a Concise Local Description Of, and Accurate Direction To, Every Square, Street, Lane, Court, Dock, Wharf, Inn, Public Office, &c. in the Metropolis and Its Environs (London, 1810), unpaginated in original, Google Book p.136, viewed 09/06/13
↑ J.Lockie, Topography of London: Giving a Concise Local Description Of, and Accurate Direction To, Every Square, Street, Lane, Court, Dock, Wharf, Inn, Public Office, &c. in the Metropolis and Its Environs (London, 1810),, unpaginated, Google Book p.171, viewed 09/06/13
↑ Museum of London, Trade Token, ID no: 11138, viewed 09/06/13
↑ J.R. Smith, Tokens Issued in the Seventeenth Century in England, Wales, and Ireland: By Corporations, Merchants, Tradesmen, Etc (London, 1858), p.193, viewed 09/06/13
↑ John Strype,Bk. 2, Ch. 3 - Tower Street Ward. Modern State thereof, p.53, viewed 09/06/13
↑ The nautical gazeteer; or dictionary of maritime geography, pt. 1 (London, 1847), p.117, viewed 09/06/13
↑ Richard Burn & George Chetwynd, The Justice of the Peace and Parish Officer, vol. 1 (London, 1820), pp. 506-, viewed 09/06/13
↑ [Probably Heritage Wharf, Wapping. Hermitage Wharf was built on land called St. Catherines's Marsh, or Wapping Marsh, which had been granted to Cornelius Vanderbilt by Henry VIII due to it being subject to overflow. Vanderbilt enclosed the overflowed land with "a great bank or wall". In 1628, the Attorney-General filed an information against Serjeant Bramston and John Stepkin to recover part of the Hermitage Wharf. In the information it was stated that the King was the owner of the bank or wall, and that mariners and poor men had petitioned Elizabeth I and James I and the Lord Admiral "that they might erect houses upon the banks of the river adjoining the said wall, and that they were erected on the wall and partly on the shore and soil of the river, and that the tenants and owners of the marsh grounds inclosed afterwards pretended that they were owners of the wall. On Novermber 27, 1631, the Court (WHICH ONE) declared the soil and ground between the Thames Wall or Wapping Wall belonged to the King as parcel of the port of London...and "that the encroachments ought to be removed or arrented to the King" Stuart Archibald Moore, A History of the Foreshore and the Law Relating Thereto: With a Hitherto Unpublished Treatise by Lord Hale, Lord Hale's "De Jure Maris", and Hall's Essay on the Rights of the Crown in the Sea-shore : with Notes, and an Appendix Relating to Fisheries (XXXX, 1888), pp.260-262], viewed 09/06/13
↑ After destruction of the parish church of Saint Olave, Old Jewry, the parish was united with Saint Martin Pomeroy, which pre the 1666 fire had been nearly adjacent to it, and which had already shared a small churchyard. Saint Martin Pomeroy was on the east side of Ironmonger Lane, Cheapside in Cheap Ward. See Wikipedia entry, 'St Martin Pomary', viewed 09/06/13
↑ Peter Wilson Coldham, English Adventurers and Emigrants, 1609-1660: Abstracts of Examinations in the High Court of Admiralty With Reference to Colonial America (XXXX, 1984), p.87, viewed 07/06/13
↑ Admissions to the college of St. John the Evangelist in the University of Cambridge, pt. 1: Jan. 1629/30;July 1665 (Cambridge, 1882), p.76, viewed 07/06/13
↑ D.J. Keene and Vanessa Harding, 'St. Martin Pomary 95/8-12', Historical gazetteer of London before the Great Fire: Cheapside; parishes of All Hallows Honey Lane, St Martin Pomary, St Mary le Bow, St Mary Colechurch and St Pancras Soper Lane (1987), pp. 159-168, viewed 07/06/13
↑ Bruce Bannerman (ed.), The registers of St. Mary le Bowe, Cheapside, All Hallows, Honey lane, and of St. Pancras, Soper lane, London (1914), p. 305, viewed 07/06/13
↑ Main Papers HL/PO/JO/10/1/58 25 May 1641 - 31 May 1641 27 May 1641 -- Petition of Thomas Nevett, viewed 07/06/13
↑ 'House of Commons Journal Volume 7: 3 February 1652', Journal of the House of Commons: volume 7: 1651-1660 (1802), pp. 79-83, viewed 07/06/13
↑ Mary Anne Everett Green (ed.), 'Addenda', Calendar of State Papers Domestic: Interregnum, 1657-8 (1884), pp. 559, viewed 07/06/13
↑ Baptist Hicks Campden, Middlesex County records, vol. 3 (Clerkenwell, 1888), p.252, viewed 09/06/13
↑ Thomas Colyer-Ferguson (ed.), The marriage registers of St. Dunstan's Stepney, in the County of Middlesex, vol. 2: 1640;1696 (Canterbury, 1898), p.6, viewed 09/06/13
↑ J.C. Whitebrook (ed.), London citizens in 1651, being a transcript of Harleian MS. 4778, viewed 09/06/13

[1] Electronic link to a digital source

[2] 'America and West Indies: June 1699, 21-30', Calendar of State Papers Colonial, America and West Indies, Volume 17: 1699 and Addenda 1621-1698 (1908), pp. 291-308., viewed 09/06/13

[3] J. Lockie, Topography of London: Giving a Concise Local Description Of, and Accurate Direction To, Every Square, Street, Lane, Court, Dock, Wharf, Inn, Public Office, &c. in the Metropolis and Its Environs (London, 1810), unpaginated in original, Google Book p.136, viewed 09/06/13

[4] J.Lockie, Topography of London: Giving a Concise Local Description Of, and Accurate Direction To, Every Square, Street, Lane, Court, Dock, Wharf, Inn, Public Office, &c. in the Metropolis and Its Environs (London, 1810),, unpaginated, Google Book p.171, viewed 09/06/13

[5] Museum of London, Trade Token, ID no: 11138, viewed 09/06/13

[6] J.R. Smith, Tokens Issued in the Seventeenth Century in England, Wales, and Ireland: By Corporations, Merchants, Tradesmen, Etc (London, 1858), p.193, viewed 09/06/13

[7] John Strype,Bk. 2, Ch. 3 - Tower Street Ward. Modern State thereof, p.53, viewed 09/06/13

[8] The nautical gazeteer; or dictionary of maritime geography, pt. 1 (London, 1847), p.117, viewed 09/06/13

[9] Richard Burn & George Chetwynd, The Justice of the Peace and Parish Officer, vol. 1 (London, 1820), pp. 506-, viewed 09/06/13

[10] [Probably Heritage Wharf, Wapping. Hermitage Wharf was built on land called St. Catherines's Marsh, or Wapping Marsh, which had been granted to Cornelius Vanderbilt by Henry VIII due to it being subject to overflow. Vanderbilt enclosed the overflowed land with "a great bank or wall". In 1628, the Attorney-General filed an information against Serjeant Bramston and John Stepkin to recover part of the Hermitage Wharf. In the information it was stated that the King was the owner of the bank or wall, and that mariners and poor men had petitioned Elizabeth I and James I and the Lord Admiral "that they might erect houses upon the banks of the river adjoining the said wall, and that they were erected on the wall and partly on the shore and soil of the river, and that the tenants and owners of the marsh grounds inclosed afterwards pretended that they were owners of the wall. On Novermber 27, 1631, the Court (WHICH ONE) declared the soil and ground between the Thames Wall or Wapping Wall belonged to the King as parcel of the port of London...and "that the encroachments ought to be removed or arrented to the King" Stuart Archibald Moore, A History of the Foreshore and the Law Relating Thereto: With a Hitherto Unpublished Treatise by Lord Hale, Lord Hale's "De Jure Maris", and Hall's Essay on the Rights of the Crown in the Sea-shore : with Notes, and an Appendix Relating to Fisheries (XXXX, 1888), pp.260-262], viewed 09/06/13

[11] After destruction of the parish church of Saint Olave, Old Jewry, the parish was united with Saint Martin Pomeroy, which pre the 1666 fire had been nearly adjacent to it, and which had already shared a small churchyard. Saint Martin Pomeroy was on the east side of Ironmonger Lane, Cheapside in Cheap Ward. See Wikipedia entry, 'St Martin Pomary', viewed 09/06/13

[12] Peter Wilson Coldham, English Adventurers and Emigrants, 1609-1660: Abstracts of Examinations in the High Court of Admiralty With Reference to Colonial America (XXXX, 1984), p.87, viewed 07/06/13

[13] Admissions to the college of St. John the Evangelist in the University of Cambridge, pt. 1: Jan. 1629/30;July 1665 (Cambridge, 1882), p.76, viewed 07/06/13

[14] D.J. Keene and Vanessa Harding, 'St. Martin Pomary 95/8-12', Historical gazetteer of London before the Great Fire: Cheapside; parishes of All Hallows Honey Lane, St Martin Pomary, St Mary le Bow, St Mary Colechurch and St Pancras Soper Lane (1987), pp. 159-168, viewed 07/06/13

[15] Bruce Bannerman (ed.), The registers of St. Mary le Bowe, Cheapside, All Hallows, Honey lane, and of St. Pancras, Soper lane, London (1914), p. 305, viewed 07/06/13

[16] Main Papers HL/PO/JO/10/1/58 25 May 1641 - 31 May 1641 27 May 1641 -- Petition of Thomas Nevett, viewed 07/06/13

[17] 'House of Commons Journal Volume 7: 3 February 1652', Journal of the House of Commons: volume 7: 1651-1660 (1802), pp. 79-83, viewed 07/06/13

[18] Mary Anne Everett Green (ed.), 'Addenda', Calendar of State Papers Domestic: Interregnum, 1657-8 (1884), pp. 559, viewed 07/06/13

[19] Baptist Hicks Campden, Middlesex County records, vol. 3 (Clerkenwell, 1888), p.252, viewed 09/06/13

[20] Thomas Colyer-Ferguson (ed.), The marriage registers of St. Dunstan's Stepney, in the County of Middlesex, vol. 2: 1640;1696 (Canterbury, 1898), p.6, viewed 09/06/13

[21] J.C. Whitebrook (ed.), London citizens in 1651, being a transcript of Harleian MS. 4778, viewed 09/06/13

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Worth more than hee oweth

Contents

Suggested links

Case summary

Interim synthesis

Questions raised

Teaching points

Depositions

Deposition dates

Richard Addams

Richard Bladwell

James Browne

William Falkoner/Falconer

Michaell Groenenbergh

Thomas Harrison

Andrew Hayer

John Hearne

Thomas Hull

Hance Johnson ?Jcksted

Jeremie Miller

William Moore

Richard Prior

William Roalfe

Isabell Robinson

James Salmon

James Sands

William Seywell

John Southwood

John Southwood Junior

Thomas Thorneyworke

William Varvell

Edward Walker

William Ward

Background analysis

John Southwood and Ironmonger Lane

John Southwood senior and John Southwood junior

Other HCA cases mentioning John Southwood

Richard Prior/Pryor

Potential sources

Primary sources: Robinson

Primary sources: Southwood

Primary sources: Salmon

Secondary sources

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